Keeping Citizenship Rights White: Arizona’s Racial Profiling Practices in Immigration Law Enforcement

DAVID A. HARRIS, PROFILES OF INJUSTICE: WHY POLICE PROFILING CANNOT WORK 13 (2002). DR. JOHN C. LAMBERTH, DATA COLLECTION AND BENCHMARKING OF THE BIAS POLICING PROJECT: FINAL REPORT FOR THE METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 7 (Sept. 2006), available at http://www.lamberthconsulting.com/downloads. 7. See supra note 5, at 51 (citing the President‘s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice). 8. DR. JOHN C. LAMBERTH, SAN ANTONIO REPORT: RACIAL PROFILING DATA ANALYSIS (Dec. 2003), available at http://www.lamberthconsulting.com/about-racial-profiling/documents/SanAntonioReport10804FinalVersion.pdf. 9. Id. at 9. 10. See U.S. DEPT. JUSTICE, FACT SHEET: RACIAL PROFILING (June 17, 2003), available at http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2003/June/racial_profiling_fact_sheet.pdf. 11. Funding for the conference was obtained from the SOROS Foundation. The conference was co-hosted by the Institute on Race and Justice at Northeastern University the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Organization of Black Law Enforcement, and Lamberth Consulting. There were 52 papers presented at the conference. Racial Profiling in the 21st Century: Implications for Racial Justice Search Results, United States Department of Justice, http://searchjustice.usdoj.gov/search?q=Racial+Profiling+in+the+21st+Century%3A+Implications+for+Racial+Justice &btnG.x=16&btnG.y=11&btnG=Search&sort=date%3AD%3AL%3Ad1&output=xml_no_dtd&ie=iso-88591&oe=UTF-8&client=default_frontend&proxystylesheet=default_frontend&site=default_collection (last visited April 14, 2011). 12. See AMESTY INTERNATIONAL U.S. DOMESTIC HUMAN RIGHTS PROGRAM, THREAT AND HUMILIATION: RACIAL PROFILING, NATIONAL SECURITY, AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE UNITED STATES (Sept. 2004) available at http://www.amnestyusa.org/racial_profiling/report/rp_report.pdf.